Results — State Rankings & Trends

Results — Full State & Decade Rankings

Every state that meets a minimum-volume cutoff, ranked by its P3:P1 per-year tornado ratio (F/EF1+ events). A ratio of 1.00 means the state has the same per-year tornado frequency today as it did in 1950–1985. Numbers above 1.00 are the gainers; below 1.00 are the losers.

Per-state gain/loss (F/EF1+ tornadoes)

StateP1 totalP2 totalP3 totalP1 per-yrP3 per-yrRatio
Kentucky3382438969.434.53.67×
Virginia2051665425.720.93.66×
Mississippi8545552,09723.780.73.40×
Maryland951132292.68.83.34×
Alabama8313901,97623.176.03.29×
Tennessee44128597412.237.53.06×
South Carolina3362916919.326.62.85×
Oregon3240620.92.42.68×
New York1331662563.79.82.67×
Illinois9896471,89827.573.02.66×
Minnesota6844551,27019.048.92.57×
North Carolina46040582512.831.72.48×
Colorado6617161,05718.440.62.21×
Louisiana8525841,34123.751.62.18×
Iowa1,0657251,66629.664.12.17×
Georgia7973251,23422.147.52.14×
Nevada2241340.61.32.14×
Idaho50101731.42.82.02×
California1311651913.67.32.02×
Arkansas8604431,24823.948.02.01×
Missouri1,1103681,60630.861.82.00×
Ohio53427874814.828.81.94×
Washington4532611.22.41.88×
Kansas1,6759802,26946.587.31.88×
North Dakota60637880916.831.11.85×
Pennsylvania3542624549.817.51.78×
New Jersey6369751.82.91.65×
Indiana77137289421.434.41.61×
Connecticut5220581.42.21.54×
Utah4453481.21.91.51×
Arizona118621253.34.81.47×
Wisconsin73226777520.329.81.47×
West Virginia7141752.02.91.46×
Nebraska1,2568241,29734.949.91.43×
Montana1351621353.85.21.39×
Oklahoma2,0818802,04257.878.51.36×
New Mexico2601892367.29.11.26×
Florida1,5021,0301,27641.749.11.18×
Delaware3026250.81.01.15×
Texas4,2872,4123,361119.1129.31.09×
Wyoming3132032418.79.31.07×
South Dakota87140266524.225.61.06×
Maine7218502.01.90.96×
Michigan58828640016.315.40.94×
Massachusetts12026593.32.30.68×
New Hampshire6617291.81.10.61×

Aggregated by region

RegionP1 per-yrP2 per-yrP3 per-yrRatio
Great Plains (TX, OK, KS, NE, SD, ND)1821431420.78
Southeast (AL, AR, GA, LA, MS, TN, KY)1211222361.95
Other (all other states)2382272591.09

Annual totals (all F/EF0+)

YearTotalF/EF1+F/EF2+InjuriesDeaths
195022320412065970
195126920511752434
19522722341501,916231
19534924062605,131519
195460949728771536
1955632440236926129
19565674312541,35583
19579306703951,976193
195860842722753567
195963044121273458
196064548025073746
19617725943651,08752
196267345821455130
196349337320953831
19647605643151,14873
19659906934335,197301
19666063951982,03098
19679666173522,144114
19687155042632,522131
19696504372321,31166
19707005082791,35573
19719637703842,723159
19727786042551,02734
19731,1989784732,40289
19741,1208944956,824366
19759626522661,45760
19769356713021,19544
197792257422177143
197887542617491953
19799185272003,01484
19809726982481,15728
198183054220679824
19821,1807993551,27664
198399564424175634
19841,0206432702,499122
19857734551751,29994
198684948418753615
1987695352981,01859
198877348915568832
19899215461691,27050
19901,2647233111,17753
19911,20851420186439
19921,4046972501,32339
19936172727677856
199494734410480648
19951,2224101341,15034
19961,24047313270526
19971,1804241301,03368
19981,5296151991,874130
19991,5206322511,84294
20001,16940611388241
20011,35148516174340
20021,04037713496855
20031,5355781691,08754
20041,94767615639635
20051,34349811953738
20061,26350516198667
20071,24251816461781
20081,9548822841,714128
20091,27353112839721
20101,45162921269945
20112,0741,1904105,483553
20121,05845017082269
20131,05350914375655
20141,06449912464147
20151,32057911292436
20161,08147812132518
20171,66388019052235
20181,25655511019910
20191,73780418653742
20201,25361513873376
20211,545692174878103
20221,38472717931423
20231,52273721395586
20242,1371,16023764951

Headline centroid coordinates (F/EF1+)

PeriodLatitudeLongituden events
P1 (1950–1985)37.04° N−92.84° W27,641
P2 (1986–2000)37.18° N−92.45° W9,184
P3 (2001–2024)37.14° N−91.84° W36,316

Net shift P1 → P3: ≈ 70 miles east


Data sources: see the paper and the data package.